Defining Autism by Emily L. Casanova

Author:Emily L. Casanova
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9781784503499
Publisher: Jessica Kingsley Publishers
Published: 2018-09-23T16:00:00+00:00

Bipolar disorder

Bipolar disorder is characterized by alternating moods of mania and depression. In contrast to bipolar I disorder, bipolar II is typified not by manic episodes but by hypomania, which is elation or irritability that is less extreme and impairing than genuine mania. About 2.5 percent of the adult population has a diagnosis of a bipolar spectrum disorder, with roughly equal numbers falling under the I and II category headings (Merikangas et al., 2007). Mean age of onset is roughly 25 years.

Although it hasn’t been well studied, it is estimated that about 7 percent of the adult autism spectrum population fulfills criteria for bipolar disorder (Stahlberg et al., 2004). And, as with major depression, bipolar is more common in those with high-functioning autism as well as their families, once again suggesting a link between autism severity and familial mood disorders (DeLong & Dwyer, 1988; DeLong, Ritch, & Burch, 2002; Munesue et al., 2008). The relationship vaguely reminds one of the quote by the Roman philosopher Seneca: “Nullum magnum ingenium sine mixture dementiae fuit” – “There is no great genius without a mixture of madness.”

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